we call it the big shot. in the last few years, change has happened in terms of the long-term stability, brief moments of disturbance, changes in 60 years of stability. we reinvented work practices and other practices. what has happened now is in the last 10 years, we are moving to a different kind of infrastructure proven by the digital loss of competition. now we find having a world in which we have constant disruption nearly every year. the challenge is how do you start to leverage that rather than fear that in terms of driving innovation in? it will not slow down for the next 30 or 40 years. let me say this personally. i can recapitulate the last 10 years of my life. it took me from this class to cloud computing come into graphic processing, that is scientific computing a fraction of the cost, now into a very limited form of competing. i have had to relearn almost everything i knew as a computer scientist. dealing with the plains regarding amazon and microsoft. i had to think about how to move these proce